Metformin slowed frailty and lowered biological age in older adults
In a two-year trial, metformin slowed a frailty index score and lowered two blood-based aging clocks compared with placebo. The Fried frailty score showed no lasting difference once weight loss was removed, and the results do not show that metformin prevents frailty.
Original title: A Randomized Clinical Trial of Metformin to Reduce Frailty in Older Adults with Glucose Intolerance.
Children of 100-year-olds may face later death and some diseases
Adults with a parent who lived to 100 had lower risks of death, heart disease, and high blood pressure. The study watched people over time, so it cannot prove why this happens.
Original title: Exceptional Parental Longevity and Onset of Morbidity and Mortality Across Cohorts.
Biological age and brain development in children born early
Researchers looked at how a body clock measure related to thinking and movement skills in young children. The study shows links, but it cannot prove that one causes the other.
Original title: Preterm Risk Factors, Epigenetic Age, and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes.
Gene SRSF1 slowed signs of aging in cells and in older mice
Scientists boosted one gene in aged human cells and in mice. It made the cells and mice look younger in some ways. This does not show it would work the same way in people.
Original title: Transcriptomic reprogramming screen identifies SRSF1 as a regulator of aging.
Aging clocks linked to living to 90 in older women
Women with signs of faster aging on these tests were less likely to reach age 90. This study cannot show that the tests cause longer or shorter lives.
Original title: Epigenetic clocks of biological aging and cognitively healthy longevity: the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study.
A tea plant root extract killed aging skin cells in a lab dish
Researchers tested a tea root extract on human skin cells that had been made old in a dish. The extract killed more of the old cells than normal ones, and it also cut some inflammation signals. This does not show the extract works in people, because the tests were done in cells and skin samples.
Original title: Plant-Derived Senolytic Ingredient, Camellia sinensis Root Extract, Ameliorates Skin Aging-Associated Phenotypes.
Old, stuck cells may sometimes help cancer resist treatment
This review looks at how cells that stop dividing after cancer treatment might sometimes help tumors survive. The authors say these cells play a role only in some cases, not in every case.
Original title: Therapy-Induced Senescence in Cancer Treatment Resistance: Mechanisms, Evidence, and Translational Opportunities.
How aging liver cells affect the liver's ability to repair itself
This review looks at how aging liver cells can both help and hurt liver repair. It discusses ideas for treatments that target harmful aging cells, but it does not show that any of these treatments work in people.
Original title: Effects and Therapeutic Strategies of Intra-Hepatic Cellular Senescence and Regeneration.
How cancer treatment may age the heart and blood vessels in breast cancer patients
This review looks at how cancer treatments can leave some cells stuck in an aging state that may harm the heart. It does not prove this process causes heart damage, since other factors can also play a part.
Original title: Therapy-induced senescence in breast cancer and cardiovascular disease: a double-edged biological process.
Humanin peptide may slow aging changes in brain-like cells grown in a dish
Researchers gave a peptide called humanin to nerve cells in a lab dish. It reduced signs of cell aging and helped cells keep releasing brain chemicals. This is a lab study, so it does not show the same effect in people.
Original title: Humanin attenuates neuronal cellular senescence and preserves neurotransmitter release in differentiated PC12 cells.
How aging cell changes may relate to a type of heart failure
This review looked at studies linking aging cells and their chemical signals to a heart problem called HFpEF. The authors say most of the evidence so far comes from animal or lab work, or only shows links.
Original title: Cellular senescence in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: Mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities.
A review proposes a link between two brain proteins and aging-related memory loss
This review looks at two brain proteins that help control inhibitory connections between nerve cells. It suggests they may work together in brain aging, but this idea is not yet proven.
Original title: The potential role of the gephyrin-CNTNAP4 interface in brain aging: Mechanisms of inhibitory circuit dysfunction and cognitive decline.
A review looks at how the heart and brain may age together
This review gathers current knowledge on how the heart, blood vessels and brain age together. It proposes a framework to test this idea, but the authors say more research is needed.
Original title: Heart-brain co-ageing: phenotypic heterogeneity, molecular mechanisms and translational interventions.
Researchers propose ways to measure how fast aging happens in mice
Scientists list 12 possible measures that may show whether a treatment slows aging in mice. These measures are not yet proven, and they still need more testing before they could be used in people.
Original title: Aging rate indicators and the search for anti-aging drugs.
How aging of the immune system may affect rheumatoid arthritis
This review explains three aging-related ideas and how they may link to rheumatoid arthritis. It says causal proof in people is still limited, and much evidence comes from animal and non-arthritis studies.
Original title: The role of immune aging in rheumatoid arthritis and its clinical and therapeutic significance.
Cell aging after cancer treatment may help or hurt tumour growth
This paper is a review of earlier research on aged cells and cancer. It says these cells may either slow or speed up tumour growth.
Original title: The Molecular Landscape of the Senescence-EMT Interplay: Deciphering Tumour Plasticity Through Molecular Signatures and Multi-Omic Profiling.
Ammonia buildup may push liver cancer cells toward death in lab tests
Researchers found that ammonia inside cancer cells can drive them to age-like senescence and then to death. They tested a drug-delivery particle that boosts this ammonia buildup in cancer cells.
Original title: The ammonia-senescence ratchet drives an adaptation-senescence-ammonioptosis transition in liver cancer
Tiny particles and microRNAs may link exercise to brain aging
This review looks at small molecules carried in body fluids that may help exercise affect the aging brain. The authors say these ideas are not yet proven and need more testing before they can be trusted as markers of brain health.
Original title: Exercise-Induced Extracellular Vesicle-Associated miRNAs in Cognitive Aging of Older Adults: A Narrative Review.
Study tests a new treatment for disc damage in cells, rats, and human disc samples
Researchers found a process linking iron buildup, damage, and aging cells in spinal discs, then built a targeted treatment. This work was done in cells and rats, so it does not show the treatment would work the same way in people.
Original title: Reprogramming NOX4-associated ferro-aging with an iron-chelating senescent-cell-targeted therapy for intervertebral disc degeneration.
Autophagy gene knockdown in worms had effects that depended on test conditions
Researchers turned down autophagy genes in tiny worms and checked how long the worms lived under different settings. The results changed with temperature, worm type, and gene, so this preprint does not clearly show how much autophagy matters for long life.
Original title: Effects of knockdown of autophagy pathway genes on C. elegans longevity are highly condition dependent
How parents' older age may affect their children's aging over time
This review pulls together earlier studies on older parents and their children's health. It suggests age-linked changes may pass to the next generation, but it is a summary, not a new test.
Original title: The intergenerational clock: How advanced parental age shapes offspring biological aging, longevity and neurodegenerative risk.